Fluid pressure tool slide control assembly



ug- 5, 1952 R. D. PERRY ET AL FLUID PRESSURE: TOOL SLIDE CONTROL ASSEMBLY 2 SHEETS--SHEET l Filed Aug. 10, 1949 Hm mw.

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All@ 5f 1952 R. D. PERRY ETAL 2,605,751

FLUID PREssURE Toor. SLIDE ccNTRoL vAssfslmm Filed Aug. 1o, 1949 Y 2 SHEETS-Smm 2 INVENToRs. RucHARD D. PERRY uw BYROSS H. BAUM GARDN ER.

TT Encer Patented ug. 5l, 1952 UNITED kSTATE FLUID-PRESSURE AS s PATENT" OFFICE TooL SLIDE CONTROL sin/nam"y I Richard D. Perr'y and Roses Baumgardner,

j ElyriaLOhio, ,assignors to The Perry-Fayom- `fpaifly,:'Elyx'a,y Ohio, a corporation of Ohio v Animation August 1o, 1949, serial-No. 109,447 f f Aslides or turrets of automatic screw' machines andthe like. The system, employs a pneumatic cylinder for advance .and retraction ofthe tool 'slide in combination with a hydraulic check to regulate the rate of 1 advance during theY cutting or turning operation. The 'tool is fed rapidly by the pneumatic cylinder from its rest position substantially into engagement with the Work and is then fed slowly ata rate determined by the setting ofa throttling valve which forms a part of the hydraulic .speed control. Upon the completion ofthe feed` toa pre-set point', the pneumatic cylinder is reversed to retract the tool at high speed. The pointin the stroke at which the hydraulicA spleedregulator becomes operative is adjustable, as well as theendpoint of the l cuttingstroke.Y

The invention disclosed herein differs from the aforesaid prior application v.principally-'in two ways. vOne is that'thepnumatic and hydraulicv 'cylinders are'built'intY thelframework of the machine beneath thetool slide, this resulting in a more compact and cleaner arrangement.

` The vsecond is Vthat'the.reversing` control for the t pneumatic cylinder and the positive stop which accurately determines the limit fmovement of nthe tool slide have been combined. v This is' highly advantageous in 4simplifying'the adjustment 'and setup of the machine. It isv also important in improving the performance ofthe machine, since, with the previous construction in` which vthe positive stop vand the reverse control lwere separate, thetwo controls sometimes fell'out of synchronism as themachine warmed up. The result of this deviation' c'ould bejeither failure of the tool slide to reach' the positive stop or failure to `reverse and withdraw' upon reaching the positive stop. T

It'will be seen from the foregoing, and more v fully from the detailed'u description `herein,"th'at the present inventionrepr'esents' a substantial improvement of Athe'invention vdisclosed in the y aforesaid application.V i

Referring tothe drawings:`

Y f7 claims. (ci. 12pt-,45)

' than the tool slide is not'necessary to an understanding of the invention.

Y The invention'is 'incorporated in a cylinder block II formed. with ,an'ges I2 drilled as'at I3 so that rthe assembly may be bolted to the bed or other' fixed structure of the machine. The tool slide I4,r which may carry a cutting tool, a stop for thev work, or other instrumentality, is reciprocable over the upper vsurface of the block II and isfformed witha mortised undersurface I6 for engagement with tenons on the upper surface of the block Il of the usual dovetail form. The block is bored to form an outer cylindrical chamber I8 and an inner cylindrical chamber I9 in alignment therewith. `Th e borev I8 forms a housing for a pneumaticcylinder 20 with a sliding fit therein, which comprises a cylinder wall 2| and a cylinderhead 22 which may be brazed to the wall. The cylinder head'abuts the shoulder .23 between Vthe portions I8 and I9 of the Vbore and extendsinto the portion Il).v The outer 1 received in ,tappedf holes in the block.

The cylinder headk24 is formed-with a central y aperture for a tubular piston rod 28 and a stufiing box :assembly comprising a gland 29, .retained by capscrews 3| entering therhead, and pack- The pistonro/d 28 couples the tool slide I4 to a piston-'33 whichl'may consistof a central disk Y `34 and 'outer diskvs136 retaining cup packings 3l ofleather orthellikejfThe pistonis retained in assembled relation against ashoulder 38 on the rodrby the nut 39 tightened on the threaded inner end'of the piston'rod. The outer Aend ofA the'piston rod is formed with a portion 4I of kreduced diameter Vreceived in a bore 42 in a depending portion 43 of the-tool slide, the rod having' a'shoulderfabutting against the 'portion 43.

Y The piston rodi's" threaded at its outer end to Fig. 1 isa plan-view;` principally in horizontal l section, f of a tool'lslideassemblyin accordance withA the invention;

receive a nut 44 which clamps the portion 43 of the slide'agains't the shoulder of the piston rod, the nut vbeing formed Awith sockets 46 for a spanner wrench' or 'the like. The piston is thus retained in fixed relation 'tof the tool slide and the tool slide is movedfor tool feed by the piston bore 54 in the block, the outer end of Whichis .Y

tapped to receive a tting 55. lIhe cylinder head. 24 is tapped for a right-anglelntting 57 which'- is coupled through a second right-angle fitting 58 and the union 53 to the bore 54 in the block II. It Will be apparent, of course, that the hose 88 could, if desired, be connected directly into the cylinder head; but the arrangement described is preferred since it disposes` the hose 48 adjacent the hose 41 and remote from the outer end of the cylinder. The connection between the bore 54 and the cylinder head may be readily remo-ved if desired for access to the cylinder.

The motion o f the piston 33 and tool slide I4 is checked and controlled during the working part of the. stroke by a hydraulicsystemincluding a piston and cylinder mounted in the chamber I3. This arrangement comprises a cylinder shell 5I threaded into a recess in the 'face of the cylinder head 22, leakagev bein'g'prevented by an O-ring seal 62. A piston 6.3 is reciprocable in the cylinder 6I and is tted Vwith sealing rings et'. This piston is coupled by a lost-motion connection to a piston4 rod 65 which is coupled to the piston rod 28. The piston rod 65 includes an end portion of reduced diameter at the inner end or which is tted a washer 65 against which the piston 63 abuts. The piston is Vslidable upon a sleeve 61 pressed on the outer end of the piston rod and abutting the Washer 68. The piston is retained by a nut 68. and lwasher 6 9 and a compression spring II received in a recess. in the face of the piston.

The sleeve 8T provided with splines, as indicated at 18, so that uid may pass through the central bore of the. piston. Under the action. of the spring '|I, the. piston 63 and Washer B6 act as a check valve. v5/Then the v alve seats, the

l forward face of the pistonv engages the Washer ciently to damp the return movement of .the slideA and prevent excessive speed of the return movement.

It will be apparent that, as an alternative to the check valve arrangement in the cylinder, an external check valve could be used, as illustrated in Fig. 3; however, greater precision is attained by the preferred construction shown in Fig. l.

The outer end of the piston rod 65 is formed with a head I2 which is slidable in a longitudinal bore 'I3 of the tubular piston rod 28. The nut 39 is formed with a bore 'I4 which is large enough for sliding movement of the rod 65 therein but small enough so that the nut will engage the flange 'l2 of the piston rod. Therefore, when the piston 33 moves to the right, the piston 63 is drawn with it when the nut 39 engages the flange 12. When the piston 33 moves inwardly, the rod S5 and piston 63 are not affected until the end of the rod 65 is engaged by plunger 'I6 movable axially within the rod 28. The rod 'i3 is formed with a threaded portionI'I which istted in a threaded portion 'I8 of the rod. The, plunger 'I8 is adjusted longitudinally ofthe rod 28 by rotating it relatively to the rod, which is accomplished by a knob 'I9 rotatably mounted on the periphery of the nut 44, being secured thereon by a set screw 8| received in an annular groove 82 of the nut. The knob 'I9 is pressed or otherwise nonrotatably mounted on a shaft 83 extending into Y -the piston rod '2 8 and formed with a hexagonal or other non-.circular portion 84 received in a mating non-circular opening in the plunger 13. Thus,v rotation of the dial 'II advances and retracts the plunger 16 with respect to the rod 28 and likewise with respect to the tool slide I4. The dial '|53 may be provided with appropriate micro- Vmetric graduation'tl ifv desired. A seal 88 may be tted in any annular groove in the outer end of the shaft 28 to prevent leakage of air from the internal passage in the piston rod.

As will be apparent, if' the piston 33 moves inwardly, it may do so without-any resista-nce except from Vfriction until the plunger '[6 engages the head 'I2 of the checkdevice, at which time the piston 63 of the check device is carried along with the piston 33. yThe movement of the piston 33 is utilized to force hydraulic fluid through asuitable adjustable oriiice to determine the Speed of thecutting operation. The connections for the hydraulic fluidY include Viiexible hoses 9| and 9 2 tted by appropriate hose end devices into radial bores Bland' 95 in the block I I. The bore 94 enters the side of the chamber I9 and is thus in direct commumcation with the inner face of the piston 53.1 vThe bore V96' is in communication with a radial bore 91 in the cylinder head 22 which communicates with the inner face of the piston 63 -by way of a recess 98,l in the head. O.ring seals 99 fitted in the grooves inthe head on either side of the bores 869'I1prevent leakage of Vfluid betweenl the head andthe wall of the chamberv I9'. The head 22v is fitted with O-rings |3|5 ior'the rod 85l and a vent-,passage |32'.

The cutting movement ofv the tool can Vbe terminated by the Vaction of a valve which Vreverses the rmoyemerit oi?` the air piston 33.. However, for

` substantially at the end of the desired travel of the slide, the direction 'or Supply of air in the Cylinder is'reversed, but before. this action can take eiect, air pressure in the'euter Aend o f the cylinder forces the tool slide, against .a positive stopJ thus denitely'fxingthe extent ofltrarel of' the slide., The preferred structureA for this purpose comprises a sensitive switch IUI mounted in a recess .|82 in the body in anyconvenent manner, as bythe customary expedient of screws passingk through the body of the switch. The Switch IUIv is 0f a type, Well known. commercially, in which the action ofthe switch is effected by a very small movement of` a reciprocating plunger which extends from the. bodyfof the. switch and in the switch operates. with an over-center or snap action. Such switches are. available in which the operating travel of the .plungeris very small and the switch will operate. `when the plunger is depressed to a certain extent, with "for 'an Of-'ring' or thefr bears against the hea position into vengagementv with the head the sleeve-and just before this engagement takes adjusted to y foregoing, and reference may be Iii-,coach ,very slightvariation in vthe opera-ting point.I -The plunger, |03 of the vsv'vitchlis engagedby a plunger vided with 'fa hexagonal head |Il1 by which it may be adjusted-'longitudinally of the block II andis fitted with a jam nut |88. Thevbore in which the plunger |074 isslidablegislprovided with' an;l annular 'enlargement at "its outer end resilient ring los which diof v`the plungerto maintam the 1 same sughuyi clear crfthe .head |01 i 'olf theV sleeve: Thev plunger isjretaineu in the 'sleevebya-transverse pin or cotter key I The `sleeve- `|85 iszso vradjusted' with respect tothe .'switchv IUI that the switch is 'movement' of the plunger operated during the frem its illustrated |01 of place. The plunger |84 is engaged by aspindle Il!) threaded in a sleeve |I2 in the portion 43-of the toolslide. Thefspindle IIB is provided with a thimble I |3'with micrometricvgraduations ||`4 to facilitate adjustment. A -jam nut I I6 is fitted on the threadedY portion of the spindle so that it may be locked' in position after the setup has been completed.I v

After the tool is set up in any suitable manner on the tool slide to give the approximate desired depth of cut, the spindlel I0 is adjusted so that the exact depth of cut desired is obtained when the spindle II-Il forcesthehead of the plunger |34 against the sleeve |06. vThe knob 19 is then action just before'the tool engages the work, and the cutting speed is 'setby adjustment of the check device.

' Itis believed"that"the nature of a suitable pneumatidhydraulic, and be apparent 'to those skilled in the art'from the made to our above-mentioned application. However, an elementary schematic diagram of the system is included for those who may desire the same. By reference to this diagram, in which the physical assembly is greatly simplined and parts are given numbers corresponding to those in the detail drawings, the cylinders I9 and 28 in the block I| and the pistons 33 and 63 therein, the piston rod 28 coupled to the portion 43 of the tool slide, and the rod 65 of the hydraulic piston will be apparent. The hydraulic cylinder is coupled through the lines 9| and 92 to a throttle valve I2| and a valve |22 in parallel, the check valve permitting free flow of iiuid from the outer end of the cylinder I9 to the inner end so that the piston 63 may move freely to the right in the diagram. The showing of the check valve outside the cylinder may be regarded as a schematic illustration of the construction shown in detail in Fig. 1, in which the check valve is physically Within the cylinder I9. It may be also regarded as illustrating an alternative form of construction. When the piston is moved to the left in the diagram, the check valve prevents now therethrough and directs the fluid through the throttling valve which may be adjusted to regulate cutting speed. The air cylinder 2l) is fed through the lines 41 and 48 from a valve illustrated schematically in the figure as a slide valve |23 of conventional type. Reciprocation of the valve plunger |24 directs air from an inlet line |26 into either of the lines 4" and 48 and exhausts air from the other cylinder line tol atbring the hydraulic check deviceinto electric system willino*sphere* through. one'i of.v vthe outlets I 21..- ,The valve plungerl |24 maybe: shifted inlany desired manner, `as by means Adisclosed Vin our previous application, tosupply aintoftlieouter face of 'thepiston33 `.to-'movethe tool'into the work. As illustratedv .the schematic, .the valve is shifted to vwithdrauvthe tool slide by a solenoid |28 energizedzby.theswitchl IIJI (illustrated schemati- "cally hereimlwhich is closedby the actuator I I0. 'y-,Thedetails off these devices'fin the electric, `pneu- -`matic,1i-and? hydraulic circuits are .immaterialto an understanding: of the: invention. f

Although the "foregolng.description is necessarily ofadetailed character, .inorder that the 'invention may ibecompletelmset forth, itis to "be understoodthat the 'specific terminology is notintended to-.berestrictivelor confining, and

`that various lrearrangement of'partsv and modications Y of detail departinglfrom the scope-orspiritof the inven- `tion as herein claimed. i' i We claim: v. l i l. vA feed mechanism-"for lathe slides 'and the like comprising a double-acting vpneumatic motor coupled tothe slide and to the support there- Vfon' -a resistance means forregulating the rate of advanceof the: slide; a Vcontrol valve for reversing the cylinder, a-sensitive device controlling the valve,` an actuator for the device, an

adjustable actuator, one of theV said actuators being mounted onthe slide and the other on the support, and anabutmentr onthe support for the device actuatorV limiting the movement thereof, all so constructed and arranged that the adjustableactuator moves-the device actuator to control the valve *thereby reversing the motor and `continuedjmovement thereafter forces the de- "vice 'actuator' against the abutment so that the actuatorsconstitute a positivev stop for the slide.

2. Afeed mechanism for lathe slides-andthe like comprising a double-acting pneumaticmotor coupled to the slide and to the support therefor, a hydraulic check for regulating the rate of advance of the slide, a reversing valve for controlling the cylinder, a sensitive switch controlling the valve, an actuator for the switch, an adjustable actuator, one of the said actuators being mounted on the slide and the other on the support, and an abutment on the support for the switch actuator limiting the movement thereof, all so constructed and arranged that the adjustable actuator moves the switch actuator to control the valve thereby reversing the motor and continued movement thereafter forces the switch actuator against the abutment so that the actuators constitute a positive stop for the slide.

3. A feed mechanism for lathe slides and the like comprising a pneumatic motor coupled to the slide and to the support therefor to advance the slide, a resistance device for regulating the rate of advance of the slide, a reversing device for returning the slide, a sensitive device controlling the reversing device, an actuator for the sensitive device, an adjustable actuator, one of the said actuators being mounted on the slide and the other on the support, and an abutment on the support for the rst-named actuator limiting the movement thereof, all so constructed and arranged that the adjustable actuator engages and moves the first-named actuator to control the valve thereby reversing the motor and continued movement thereafter forces the first-named actuator against the abutment so that the actuators constitute a positive stop for the slide.

4". A. feed mechanism, forilathea slides; andig, the like; conmrising.-l a pneumatic motor'coupled'; to the slide andlto the, support,therefor. toadvance the slide, a. .resistancedevice for regulating the rate ofradvanee of 'the slide; means for returning the. slide, a sensitive device controlling-' the said means, Ian actuator `for., the sensitivel device mountedv on thel support,- an .adjustable actuator mountedon the slide, andianabutment on the supportzforq; thesensitive device actuatorlmiting the: movementf::thereohallj sofi constructed and arranged tl1at;the adjustable actuator engages `and .moi/es, ther other; actuator to: control'4 said means thereby#reversine.r the motor,Y and continued mtu/ement thereafter forces; the;` other actuator. against the; abutment; so, that-,the actuatcrsfcc'nstitute-.a .positivestop for thel slide;

5;. feed mechanism. fonY lathe slides; andV the like comprising.a.doublevacting#pneumatic motor coupled to the.v slide and toathe-,sllpDOr-t therefor, a hydraulic check for regulating the; rate oi advance of the slide, a reversing vaglve for controlling the cylinder,l an; actuator fonthevalve an adjustable i actuator, one; o f lthe said. actuators trical switch. adapted. to control'V said. valve.- an

actuator for said.v switch shiftably mounted. on

. the. s 'uppormianadjustable actuator. on said slide,

and an, abutment; on the support. engageable by the. switch actuator at one; end; of its path `of travel-,whereby themovement of said actuator is limited, the vsmallmovement of the Switch actua- .tor--rst operating the switch to control the-reversing vvalve thereby reversing the motorv and then engaging the Vabutment to providea positive stopV for.` f aositioningVV the slideatV the end'v of its nati/1.0il travel.,

7. A- feed-mechanism for lathe slides and the rlike comprising a double actingpneumatic motor coupledfto the slide andthe. supporty therefor, a hydraulic check' for regulating the raterv of advance ofthe: slide, a. control valve for reversing the motor., an electrical switch adapted toV control saidvalve, an;actuator for said switch. shiftably mounted on the. support., an adjustable actuatoronsaid slide,y andan abutment onA the support engageable by the sw-itchactuator atA one endj of` its path of..` travel whereby the movement oisaid actuator. is limited, the small movement of fthe switch, actuator firstoperating the switch to controlthereversing valve thereby reversing themotorand thenv engaging the abutment to provide apositive stop for positioning the slide at the-end of itspath. of. travel.

. RICHARD D. PERRY.

ROSS H.v BAUMGARDNER.

REFERENCES CITED Thev following references are of record in the le, of this` patent.:

Y UNITED STA-TES PATENTS- v Number. Name Date- 627,385 Brorckie June 20,1899 897,676 'Thompson Sept. 1, 1908 1,840,231 Harrison Jan. 5, 1932 1,998,873 Kingsbury Apr. 23, 1935 40- 2,084,562 Schafer June 22, 1937 Swanson Feb. 15, 1938 

